ABSTRACT:
Conventional street lighting systems in areas with a low frequency of passersby are online most of the night without purpose. The consequence is that a large amount of power is wasted meaninglessly.
With the broad availability of flexible-lighting technology like light-emitting diode lamps and everywhere available wireless internet connection, fast reacting, reliably operating, and power-conserving street lighting systems become reality.
The purpose of this work is to describe the Intelligent Street Lighting (ISL) system, a first approach to accomplish the demand for flexible public lighting systems.
METHODOLOGY
Firstly, Chips would be made to be installed on the lights. These chips will consist of a micro-controller along with various sensors like CO2 sensor, fog sensor, light intensity sensor, noise sensor and GSM modules for wireless data transmission and reception between concentrator and PC.
The data from the chips would be received on a remote concentrator (PC) and the PC would also transmit the controlling action to the chip. According to the survey of variation in the intensity of light in the field area, efficient programming would be done to ensure minimum consumption of energy.
Research:
To do a complete field study of a particular location for the existing consumption of energy, emission levels, cost of set up & maintenance, etc. of that location and design an energy efficient system.
Software (on PC):
- To collect the data (current, power consumption, theft, carbon emissions, etc.).
- To monitor lighting control status.
- To command the controllers depending upon the light intensity required.
Lamp Controller:
- Power on/off/dim the lamp.
- Monitor the status of the lamp.
- To collect the data from various sensors.
Communication Link:
To establish an effective communication link between the controller and PC for bidirectional data transfer.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Figure 1: Block Diagram of The Complete Smart Street Lamp Monitoring System.
Figure 1 shows the simplified block diagram of the complete smart street lamp monitoring system. Inside the lamp module, it consists of light dependent resistors (LDR) module, micro controller module and transmission module. The lamp module will communicate with the control centre through wireless using Xbee.
An Intelligent Driver For Light Emitting Diode Street Lighting:
Due to light emitting diode (LED) with better performances , the demand for developing LED Street Lighting is growing continuously. Nowadays, a topic of interest in this context is the search for electronic driver in order to take advantage of LED performances. This work focuses in saving potential pitfalls during intelligent driver design procedure.
WSN For Intelligent Street Lighting System:
In the paper authors propose to apply Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to intelligent street lighting system. As a result of such a combination one obtains a system designed to increase functionality of light installations for a wide range of applications and introduce a platform for new additional services, which meets current and future user needs.
Design Of New Intelligent Street Light Control System:
In China, the methods of time-control, optical-control and time-optical-control are in common used to control street lamp, particularly in small and medium-sized cities. But due to the backward lighting control and administrative method, the precision is bad, and the result of work is also poor. Through many kinds of sensor combination sense environment’s change, the multi-sensor exhibition can combinatory logically control the new intelligent street light controller system.
Integrated System for Intelligent Street Lighting:
This reports the study and hardware implementation of a dimmable electronic ballast for high pressure sodium lamps, and a microprocessor-based system for control and energy measurement for this ballast, which uses a power line communications system to send and receive status and commands from another ballasts plugged in the same mains sub circuit.
Company Working On Similar Technology:
IoTcomm Technologies, China
IoTcomm Technologies develops communication technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT), including but not limited to Power Line Communication (PLC), GPRS, Zigbee and WIFI. By integrating PLC and wireless communication technologies seamlessly, IoTcomm has developed an intelligent street lighting control and management system, which provides its customers with the least expensive and the most reliable solution to significantly reduce power consumption, operating costs and environmental impacts.
PROBLEM FORMULATION
This system resolves the faulty street lamps issue, where people are rarely taking the initiative to report faulty street lamps in their locality. With this device, it able to track whenever there is faulty lamps and sends the data to the control centre. Thus, technician will be able to acknowledge the faulty street lamps at the first moment and head for the repair.
PROPOSED PROBLEM SOLUTION
Assumptions And Prerequisites:
- The user is at Control Station i.e. the Master Node, which is the governing device of wireless sensor network.
- The user must be aware of working wireless sensor network based application.
- User must provide proper network setup parameters for WSN based application.
Environmental Conditions such as rain, snow, storms etc.can affect the System performance. - The Master node must function properly during entire working, i.e. it should not fail in the due procedure.
Implementation Details:
Firstly, microchip would be required to be installed on the pole lights. These chips will consist of a micro-controller along with various sensors like CO2 sensor, smoke sensor, light intensity sensor, noise sensor and GSM modules for wireless data transmission and reception between concentrator and PC. The data from the chips would be received on a remote concentrator (PC) and the PC would also transmit the controlling action to the chip.
High Lightning Features
- Multicolor LED.
- Light sensor.
- Smoke Sensor.
- Carbon emission sensor.
- Noise Sensor.
The Server Works In Two Modes
- Auto mode.
- Manual mode.
Architecture:
Block Diagram Transmission Side.
Requirements:
Software Requirements
- Microsoft visual studio for user interface.
- Embedded C for microcontroller chip.
- Eagle software for circuit layout.
Hardware Requirement
- Use GSM SIM300 module for wireless communication.
- Microcontroller C8051F350 for controlling various sensors.
- PLC module.
- Power line for street light topology.
- A PC for observation and running of controlling software.
- Various sensors for sensing external parameters.
- Beta-LED fixtures.
- Camera for street surveillance.
SYSTEM STATEMENT
- To create near to real time environment for working of WSN based Street Light Control System and test
- Performance and working of that application.
- To sense real time light intensity by the Ambient lights sensor and depending upon the sensed light intensity
- Take appropriate control action on the Street Light(End Device).
- To create library of several modules to simulate the network condition parameters.
- To provide graphical user interface to control and monitor the status of street lights.
- To give graphical simulation of light intensity to the user
WORKING
Auto Mode:
In auto mode, according to the traffic intensity and time of slots and also monitoring the weather conditions the nodes are being switched on/off .It monitors the need and thus saving power.
Case 1: pole2,4-Whenever there is not much demand for intensity the alternate node provides lights. These settings can be predefined by analyzing the traffic congestion in a particular area and also according to sunset conditions differing geographically.
Case 2: 1,3,5- Similar reason as above.
Case 3: All the poles are working with 50% intensity.
Case 4: All the nodes are working with full power intensity, during the most traffic congestion or as per the urgent calls.
Manual Mode:
In Manual mode, system stores the parameters in computer about changes in environmental conditions continuously like heavy rain visibility, faults , more or less traffic congestion or during foggy conditions. User can manually define each node with specific intensity factor as per requirement.
CONCLUSION
In this paper Intelligent street lighting system is described that integrates new technologies offering ease of maintenance and energy savings. The proposed system is appropriate for street lighting in remote as well as urban areas where traffic is low at times. Along with energy saving it also tackles with the problem of power theft. It is capable of taking corrective actions in case of unprecedented events of climatic changes.
Source: TSEC
Authors: Prof. K.Y.Rajput | Gargeyee Khatav | Monica Pujari | Priyanka Yadav
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